With financial turbulence and demographic shifts, social security systems have been forced to reconstruct designs that provide adequate benefits, while remaining sustainable. Join representatives from Japan, Spain and Africa as they discuss case study reforms.

10-A: Actuarial Approach for the Implementation of a Sustainability Factor in the Public Pension System in Spain

Daniel Hernández González

10-B: Some Lessons from Japanese Social Security Pension Plans for 50 Years

Tadashi Nakada

10-C: The Evolution and Future of Social Security in Africa: An Actuarial Perspective

Kudzai Chigiji, Johann Sohnge, Krishen Sukdev, Natalie van Zyl